Apparatus for extracting oils, &amp;c.



PATENTE'D DEC; 18, 1906.

H. A. $ILVERA. APPARATUS FOR BXTRAGTING OILS, 6m. APPLIOATION FILED mm:so. 1903. RENEWED MAY 19. 1906.

ZVATTORNEYS r3: "cams PETERS 50., wAsHlNcToN, o, c.-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT A. SILVERA, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO EDWARD H. FALLOVVS,TRUSTEE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR EXTRACTING OILS, &0.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 18, 1906.

Application filed June 30,1903. Renewed May 19,1906. Serial No. 317,796.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HERBERT A. SILvERA, a' 'citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the borough of Brooklyn, county ofKings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulApparatus for Extracting Oil, Grease, Isinglass, &c.; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for extracting oil,grease, and glue from fish, animal, and vegetable matter, and isparticularly intended for use in extracting oil, grease, isinglass, andthe like from fish material.

My invention consists in dividing the interior of a digesting vesselinto a plurality of relatively small digestingchambers surrounded by aninclosed space into which hot water, steam, or other convenient heatingagent may be introduced, said chambers communicating at the top with alarger chamber through which a charge may be introduced and the oil andgrease liberated may be removed. By this construction I avoid thenecessity of mechanically stirring the material being treated during thedigestion. Stirring is to be avoided, because it tends to preventseparation of the oils and greases from the isinglass, glue, and otherheavier materials liberated by the treatment and to form an emulsion,thus injuring both products.

My invention consists, further, in other novel features of constructionof the digester, as hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointedout in the claims.

The objects of my invention are to imrove the construction of digestersand simiar vessels employed in the extraction, separation, andpurification of oils and greases, isinglass, gelatin, glue, and thelike, to avoid stirring of the contents of the vessel while the processis being carried out, to facilitate the separation of the variousproducts from each other and avoid intermingling of such products andthe formation of emulsions, and generally to render the digester assimple, efiective, and inexpensive as possible.

I will now proceed to describe my invention with reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which one form of digester embodying myinvention is illustrated, and will then point out the novel features inclaims.

In the said drawings, Figure 1 shows a central vertical section of myimproved digesting vessel. Fig. 2 shows a transverse section thereoflooking down, the section being taken above the small digesting-chambersinto which the lower portion of the vessel is divided. Fig. 3illustrates the use of pockets within the digesting-chambers forcatching solid matter, which tends to float upward therein.

The improved digester herein described comprises a main vessel 1, closedat the top and bottom. The lower portion of this vessel 1 contains 'aplurality of small digestingchambers 2, the lower portions of whichproject through' 'the bottom of vessel 1 and are provided with valvedpassages 3, connecting them with a collecting-chamber 4. The spacewithin vessel lfggsurrounding these chambers 2 is tightly closed by thebottom of vessel 1 and by a diaphragm 5, into openings of which theupper portions of said chambers fit'closely, and suitable valved pipes 6are provided for circulating hot water, steam, or other convenientheating agent through the space surrounding said chambers 2.

The upper portion 7 of vessel 1 forms a charging and oil-extractingchamber. At one side it is provided with a charging-passage 8, throughwhich the material to be treated may be inserted into the vessel. Suchcharging-passage may be provided with any suitable closing device forclosing it while the treatment within the vessel is taking place. Thesaid chamber 7 is also provided with suitable means for removing andcarrying away the oil and grease. For this purpose I preferably employmeans such as described in the patent to D. H. Haywood, No. 675,949, forforcing off the oil by pneumatic pressure, such means comprising a cone9, movable up and down within chamber 7, a pipe 10, forming acontinuation of said cone, and a valved pipe 11 for admitting air orsteam under pressure into chamber 7.

Suitable taps 12 are provided for drawing off isinglass and glue fromthe digestingchambers 2. Valved pipesy13 are rovided for admitting hotwater into cham ers 2 to liaise the oil and grease liberated into cham-The chambers 2 may be provided with inwardly-projecting hollow shelves14, into which steam may be admitted to heat the contents of thechambers without direct contact with the contents. The tops of theseshelves are inclined to permit the solid matter to descend by gravity tothe bottomof chambers 2 when the digester is charged, the solidmatterfalling from one shelf to the other.

In using this apparatus the material to be treated is admitted throughthe chargingpassage 8 and permitted to fall into the di gestingchambers2. The charging-passage is then closed and steam or hot water ofsuitable temperature admitted to the space surrounding chambers 2,digestion being con ducted in the ordinary manner. I/Vhen digestion iscompleted, hot water is admitted to chambers 2 to raise the oil andgrease into the upper chamber of vessel 1 and to dissolve the isinglass,gelatin, and glue liberated by the digestion. The oil and grease aredrawn off by means of the cone 9 by admitting air or steam underpressure through pipe 11, as described in the said patent to Iaywood.The isinglass, gelatin, and glue in solution are drawn off through theside taps 12. The material remaining in the chambers 2 is thendischarged into the collecting-chamber 4 by opening the valves inassages 3 and from the said collecting-chamber is discharged, whenconvenient, into any suitable receptacle.

Because of the relative small size of the digesting-chamber 2 the heatof the steam or hot water surrounding these chambers penetrates to thecenter of the mass within.

said chambers without any stirring or agitation of such mass. This isimportant, because it ermits the oil and grease to rise steadily ygravity as it is liberated and avoids mixing of the gelatin, isinglass,and glue therewith and the formation of emulsions, thereby insuringincreased and improved yields both of the oil and grease and of theisinglass, gelatin, and glue.

It will be obvious that the foregoing is but 1 one embodiment of myinvention and that i the same is capable of many and variedmodifications within the spirit and scope of my invention, and, further,that certain parts may be employed in connection with other parts ofdifferent construction.

Hence I do i not desire to be limited only to the precise details ofconstruction and combination of 1 parts therein.

What I cla1mis 1. A digesting apparatus comprising a veslower chamber,the latter containing a plurality of smaller digesting-chambers closedat the bottom and separated from each other by space through which aheating medium within the said closed chamber may circulate, saiddigesting-chambers communicating at the top with the upper chamber ofsaid vessel, the lower chamber of said vessel being provided with meansfor admitting a heating agent thereto and the upper chamber beingprovided with means for drawing off oil and. grease.

2. In digesting apparatus, the combination with a main containingvessel, a diaphragm therein dividing the same into upper and lowerchambers, and digesting vessels within said lower chamber closed at thebottom and communicating, through openings in said diaphragm, with theupper chamber of said vessel, space being rovided between said chambersfor the circu ation of a heating agent, of means for admitting a heatingagent to said chamber said upper chamber being provided with means fordrawing oil oil and grease.

3. A digesting apparatus comprising a vessel subdivided into a pluralityof relatively small spaces closed at the bottom for the reception of thematerial to be treated and provided with means for subjecting each ofsuch spaces to the direct action of the heating agent, and with meansfor drawing oil oil and grease from above.

4. In digesting apparatus, the combination with a vessel divided intoclosed lower and u per chambers, the former containing a plura ity ofsmaller digesting-chambers and provided with means for circulating aheating agent around the same, said digestingchambers being closed atthe bottom, of means actuated by fluid-pressure for drawing off oil andgrease from said vessel.

5. In digesting apparatus, the combination of a main containing vessel.divided into an upper chamber and a closed lower chamber, digestingvessels within said lower chamber communicating with the upper chamber,a receiving-chamber and discharge-passages connecting said digestingvessels with said receiving-chamber.

6. A digesting apparatus comprising a vessel divided into an upperchamber and a closed lower chamber, the latter containing a plurality ofsmaller digesting-chambers separated from each other by spacethroughwhich a heating medium within the said closed chamber maycirculate, said digesting-chambers communicating at the top with theupper chamber of said vessel, and having in their sidesinwardly-projecting hollow heating-shelves, the tops of which areinclined,

said shelves communicating with the space sel divided into anupperchamber and a closed surrounding the digesting chambers, the

lower chamber of the vessel having means for agent, and with means fordrawing off oil and admitting a heating agent to said space. greasetherefrom. ro 7. A digesting apparatus comprising a ves- In testimonywhereof I affiX my signature sel subdivided into a plurality ofrelatively l in the presence of two Witnesses.

small spaces closed at the bottom for the re- HERBERT A. SILVERA.

ception of the material to be treated, and pro- Witnesses:

vided With means for subjecting each of said O. F. CARRINGTON,

spaces to the direct action of the heating H. M. MARBLE.

